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Here is the breakdown of these three expressions. Level 1 "He is reading." هُوَ يَقْرَأُ Huwa yaqra'u Word by word: هُوَ (huwa) → he يَقْرَأُ (yaqra'u) → reads / is reading يَقْرَأُ comes from the root ق ر أ meaning: to read, to recite, to collect together. The same root gives us القُرْآن (al-Qur'ān): that which is recited. When you say يَقْرَأُ, you are using the same verb the Prophet ﷺ was commanded with. اقْرَأْ. Read. Level 2 "He is writing." هُوَ يَكْتُبُ Huwa yaktubu Word by word: هُوَ (huwa) → he يَكْتُبُ (yaktubu) → writes / is writing يَكْتُبُ comes from the root ك ت ب meaning: to write, to prescribe, to ordain. From this root we get كِتَاب (kitāb): book. And كَتَبَ اللَّهُ (kataba Allāh): Allah has decreed. Writing in Arabic is not just recording. It is something that carries weight, permanence, decree. Level 3 "He is running." هُوَ يَرْكُضُ Huwa yarkuḍu Word by word: هُوَ (huwa) → he يَرْكُضُ (yarkuḍu) → runs / is running يَرْكُضُ comes from the root ر ك ض meaning: to strike with the heel, to run swiftly, to kick into motion. The Qur'an uses this root in Surah Ṣād when Allah tells Ayyub عليه السلام: ارْكُضْ بِرِجْلِكَ (urkuḍ birijlik): strike with your foot. The verb carries urgency. Not a slow jog. A full sprint. Watch this video to learn how to get fluent in Arabic: https://youtu.be/djyY0QYIoNU
